Destructive and degenerative processes such as osteoarthritis with arthritis is observed that family defeat joints, cartilage, ligaments, and bone pathological changes of the synovial sheath (membrane) and the joint capsule (shell joint, bone joints and hermetic the right connection for him). Osteoarthritis joint pain is felt, perhaps the ability to move is limited.
Osteoarthritis causes
The root cause of osteoarthritis is still unknown exactly, but there are a number of factors, aggravating the situation, joints, changing its structure and functioning. Push arthrosis may result in:
- trauma (sprains, torn ligaments, fractures, contusions, such as piercing);
- static and dynamic load associated with professional activities (athletes, dancers, miners and other persons, employment, heavy physical activities);
- going on obesity (joint continuous load);
- hypothermia;
- infectious diseases (tuberculosis, chlamydia, comprehension);
- poor blood circulation;
- hormonal changes (pregnancy, menopause, Menopause);
- metabolic (osteoporosis (reduced bone density), arthritis (inflammatory joint disease), gout (accumulation of salts of uric acid in the joints));
- autoimmune diseases (systemic lupus erythematosus (disease in which the immune system detects them as foreign and fight with them and its own cells), rheumatoid arthritis (the immune system mistakenly hits healthy joints));
- haemophilia (hemophilia often bleed for a reason, joints);
- endocrine system disorders (thyroid disease);
- degenerative-dystrophic changes (to pertus disease (necrotizing aseptic process, the head of the hip joint), the cartilage portion of the process is separated necrotizing bone and cancellous bone fractures occur as a result of that small movement causes cavity;
- congenital disease (connective tissue dysplasia (wrong textures), hip dysplasia (false joint development), congenital pathologies of upper and lower extremity);
- old age;
- toxicity (overdose drug .., etc., excessive alcohol, drugs);
- passed Joint Surgery;
- a sedentary lifestyle;
- inheritance;
- vitamin deficiency.
Osteoarthritis degrees
Share defeat 4 degrees the process of osteoarthritis:
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Zero degree of osteoarthritis – that is a morphological change is not observed, but the disease is already present a couple of tips. Changes in synovial fluid composition, therefore, deteriorates the cartilage nutrition, therefore, the load resistance is reduced. After waking up in the morning or after a long period of rest, stationary, notes, difficulty, motion, joint, hardness, but during the day passes. This situation is called the "initial pain". Joint problems during the crunch motion, but the pain during movement is missing. The characteristic of First Instance of post-pain, long-term, permanent joint load, but the pain disappears immediately after vacation.
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Osteoarthritis in the first degree – the second degree that is characterized by destruction of hyaline cartilage. Morphological changes starting. X-ray shows the presence of osteophyte formation at the edges of the new bone surface. Thins the synovial capsule. Notes in the cracks of joint space narrowing (reduction of the distance between the heads, bones, joints). Function detract from the important topic of Nov. In the second degree familiar to osteoarthritis, constant pain, crunch, joints, and sometimes lameness. Characteristic appearance of "mechanical pain" caused jogging, walking, exercise the ability of cartilage due to declining depreciation.
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In the second degree osteoarthritis – articular cartilage lesions are completely worn large lakes. At this stage, the disease is progressing rapidly. A complete lack synovial fluid is characteristically a sharp pain, atrophy, Nov, ligament shortening, demolition, meniscus, the development of reactive synovitis (inflamed synovial membrane, pus or fluid accumulation education, increased joint). Limbs deformed Axis (X-figurative and figurative foot odor). It disappears almost completely, with an ambitious growth deformed joints, osteophyte formations of the joint surface. Volume movements are limited or impossible. Such sensitivity visible (humidity, low temperature, high pressure). Osteoarthritis is talking about third-degree disability.
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Third degree osteoarthritis – a disease of the joints in the fourth degree function is permanently lost. A visible phenomenon as the sudden and sharp pain in the affected joint, medicines to relieve I didn't want to. May ankylosis (bone insertion) or pseudarthrosis, developing not, characteristically, a place for him. The fourth degree of osteoarthritis disability indicator. Just surgery means treatment and prosthesis implantation.
Arthrosis of a kind
Osteoarthritis of the knee
Deforming osteoarthritis of the knee is called osteoarthritis and knee joint. Osteoarthritis knee pain and then a possible increase with the progress of the delivery of a deformed, volumes and an inflammatory result.
Athletes, as a result, the knee joint can develop osteoarthritis in the knee, supposedly a lot of regular hits, the pain in front of the affected knee, the patella, the edges are sharp). Arduous because it must be a pain and clicking joints.
Osteoarthritis hip joint
Also bearing the name koksartroz. This disease progresses faster than otherwise causing such severe injury and of osteoarthritis. Defeat is a hip joint (unilateral osteoarthritis) can lead to defeat, the second (double-sided osteoarthritis). Most likely, knee osteoarthritis, hip joint pain causes defeat initiated existing joints and spine. Observed lameness, shortening the patient's limb, cracking, atrophy of the thigh Nov.
inflammation of the joints uncovertebral
Cervical uncovertebral joint osteoarthritis a have.
A relaxed view of the above factors diseases of the joints, uncovertebral osteoarthritis causes the load that can be cervical, osteokondrozis (degenerative changes in the spine, intervertebral discs and surrounding tissues of the cartilage), intervertebral hernias (bulges, the bulging disc of the spine).
Osteoarthritis, accompanied by a decrease in the cervical joints, cartilage, sealing and deformation processes, cervical, reduction of area, growth of bone in the waist, as a result, a narrow space cervical, spinal canal narrowing and nerve root and printed.
To uncovertebral osteoarthritis typical symptoms of headache, pain, neck pain, dizziness, vomiting, low sensitivity, neck, or the feeling of chills in this area, high blood pressure.
Osteoarthritis of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ)
TMJ – temporomandibular-mandibular joint. Your ear close to the joint between the skull and the temple to the chin on both sides. Cartilage temporomandibular joint as strong as the other links, so that a strong pain is the cause of this defeat. The disease commonly between 50 years of age, patient, mostly women. The result is a difficulty TMJ osteoarthritis grinds food Ayse pain syndrome, hearing impairment, pain talking. In this case, the osteoarthritis causes are: change in bite, congenital anomalies, injuries to jaw, jaw, stress, false teeth, broken teeth, old age. Published the moving jaw clicks and by doing arduous, when you try to open the mouth in the direction of shifting of the jaw.
Osteoarthritis of the elbow joint
This type of osteoarthritis is less common, other disease types, such as an elbow joint on the load is almost insignificant. If you have osteoarthritis, the inflammation swells and reddens localization the location of existing teak, creaking, popping hand motion, a painful syndrome, body temperature rises a little.
Osteoarthritis of the foot
This type is called osteoarthritis coxarthrosis. The ankle disease is characterized by fatigue, walking, swelling (when connected to the process of inflammation), pain syndrome (especially at night). By doing, walking the man in the ankle joint feels clicky. A coxarthrosis with damage to joints, muscles, tendons, nerves and blood vessels. Weakening of the tendon which causes subluxation (the joint surface partially in contact). The ends of the dislocated joint completely disagree.
Symptoms of osteoarthritis
Are not uncomfortable in the initial stages the symptoms of osteoarthritis, but the disease is gaining momentum in the first and subsequent marks. The main symptom of osteoarthritis is pain depending on the location of the lesion (chin and neck, shoulder, spine, elbow, wrist, hand, and toes, knees, hips and ankle joints). Worn the pain of a dull character, but the progression of the disease stronger and more intense irresistible. The major symptoms of osteoarthritis:
- the initial pain (joint stiffness, then for the last day of sleep or rest);
- mechanical pain occurs then owing loads of work, running, exercising, walking);
- night pain (venous stasis provokes pain in the middle of the night);
- weather dependent (weather changes, compound, status);
- an crunch, creaking, crackling or unusual transactions joint;
- limited mobility;
- deformity of the joint;
- cramping, spasms Nov bad;
- lameness;
- redness and swelling of the affected joint in place (that may occur during the inflammation).
Osteoarthritis diagnosis
Yourself “osteoarthritis” does not put. Uncomfortable with headache, joint crunch should be consulted before you see a therapist. The management of the patients and give direction to see the requested doctor, podiatrist, trauma, a rheumatologist, a neurologist or your doctor.
The diagnosis of osteoarthritis the doctor-orthopedist. A history of balls to your doctor first (patient information about hereditary or chronic diseases) and examine you. By then the patient's post surveys.
Laboratory examination
Such tests may be required for the diagnosis of osteoarthritis:
- complete blood count (finger blood);
- blood chemistry (test Rheumatology, fence, blood vessels);
- urinalysis;
- analysis of synovial fluid or a puncture in the patient's joint (the joint on the needle by the fence).
Instrumental diagnosis
X – ray - stage osteoarthritis this study will show, the slightest change of joint structure and deformation using X-rays. First, the examination of the patient to remove for decoration, it's not a skewed result may occur. Should you remove part of the body with clothing, a study (or if needed X-ray the knee, pants to remove you must; plaster is not cleared). The doctor then says you need to take the position which a patient yesterday for the plot. Diagnosis during the patient's Daily lead apron thyroid gland the pubic region, one of the last places the apron will prevent X-ray radiation. Then the picture is taken.
The X-ray beam passes, soft tissue, to absorb but hard (bone, tooth). Therefore, the soft tissue X-ray light in dark color and rough texture is obtained. X-ray pictures such as beautiful images in the best diagnostic method of bone tissue, bones and joints.
Computed tomography (CT) method, the radiation therapy that indicates a diagnostic organ, bone, or fabric, cutting, layer is the wear layer of clothing. SA runs scans, X-rays failed to determine sufficiently informative and accurate osteoarthritis. The transaction is done within few minutes. The patient is lying on the table, pre-cleaning, clothing and metal decoration. Then, the ring detectors (browser) inpatient revolves around and made pictures. SA must lie still during.
MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) method, the radiation diagnosis. BT the truth better distinguish different soft tissue, but his presence distinguish calcium in the bones, unlike the SA, detailed studies of bone tissue. To learn additional information during MRI osteoarthritis is assigned, it is possible to examine nearby tissue or the root cause of the disease. Diagnosis by MRI is expensive, but informative.
ULTRASOUND (ultrasonography), safe, non-invasive method without radiation exposure, and hazardous substances. The doctor leads a troubled region and the sensor and the internal structure of the joint is displayed on the screen. This method of diagnosis of osteoarthritis, low-cost, safe, and informative.
Guess
If it's a good guess that there is osteoarthritis, this situation a life, the sick, the disease is not fatal, but can cause complications, long-term disability. However, the treatment of osteoarthritis totally impossible, like faster recovery from damaged demolition occur with age places. In itself the disease progresses slowly for years and may develop. The first to find the symptoms of osteoarthritis more slowly deformation and function disorders of joints at an early stage with the treatment.
Prevention
Often, as a result of irregular, unnecessary, there's a lot of knee and hip joints, to get rid of excess weight load count and therefore power, if any, to the joint and seamlessly as he tried.